Understanding Diabetic Foot Complications and How to Prevent Them

 

Diabetic foot problems happen mostly due to two factors:

  • Peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage)

  • Poor blood circulation

These conditions make the feet prone to injuries and slow-healing wounds.

Common complications include:

  • Foot Ulcers: Open sores caused by pressure or poorly fitting shoes. Often painless at first, these can turn serious if unnoticed.

  • Infections: Because circulation and immunity are weaker, even small infections can spread fast.

  • Charcot Foot: Nerve damage weakens bones, leading to fractures and foot deformities.

  • Gangrene: Complete lack of blood flow can cause tissue death, sometimes leading to amputation.

  • Amputations: Severe infections and gangrene can result in lower-limb amputations if not treated in time.

Warning Signs You Should Never Ignore

Dr. A P S Suri strongly recommends checking your feet daily. Watch out for:

  • Redness, swelling, or warmth

  • Blisters, cuts, or open sores

  • Skin color changes

  • Pain or tenderness

  • Thick or ingrown toenails

👉 If you see any of these warning signs, visit a doctor right away.

7 Essential Tips to Prevent Diabetic Foot Complications

Dr. A P S Suri suggests these proven steps:

1️⃣ Control Blood Sugar
Keep your blood sugar in target range to protect your nerves and blood vessels.

2️⃣ Check Feet Daily
Use a mirror or get help to inspect every part of your feet.

3️⃣ Wear Good Footwear
Well-fitted shoes protect against injuries. Never walk barefoot.

4️⃣ Practice Good Hygiene
Wash feet daily, dry them carefully, and moisturize (except between toes).

5️⃣ Trim Toenails Properly
Cut straight across to prevent ingrown nails.

6️⃣ Quit Smoking
Smoking blocks blood flow, delaying healing.

7️⃣ Regular Checkups
Schedule regular visits with your doctor or podiatrist.

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical care right away if you notice:

  • Sores that do not heal

  • Persistent redness, pain, or swelling

  • Pus, fever, or foul odor

  • Numbness or tingling

Prompt treatment can stop small problems from becoming severe.


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